Examiner Elizabeth Mcelwain
Grant ratio: 86.4% (97th percentile in Art Unit 1662 among examiners with at least 20 applications). Average office actions per grant: 1.36. Most common rejection type: §112.
Appears inactive
Last office action in data: February 2023
Examiner record
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| Group | Examiners | Average grant ratio | Average office actions / grant |
|---|---|---|---|
| Art Unit | 20 | 50.6% | 1.65 |
| Group | 57 | 59.4% | 1.46 |
| Tech Center | 1,373 | 38.0% | 2.02 |
| USPTO | 16,475 | 52.7% | 1.98 |
Office actions per application
| Office actions | Applications | Share of applications |
|---|---|---|
| No OA observed | 0 | 0.0% |
| 1 OA | 594 | 72.4% |
| 2 OAs | 140 | 17.1% |
| 3 OAs | 51 | 6.2% |
| 4 OAs | 25 | 3.0% |
| 5+ OAs | 10 | 1.2% |
Each application is counted once. “5+” includes all higher counts.
Grant history
Recent ratios may be lower while applications remain pending.
Yearly counts
| Year | Applications | Grants | Grant rate |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2008 | 44 | 34 | 77.3% |
| 2009 | 32 | 32 | 100.0% |
| 2010 | 50 | 40 | 80.0% |
| 2011 | 74 | 61 | 82.4% |
| 2012 | 56 | 52 | 92.9% |
| 2013 | 101 | 96 | 95.0% |
| 2014 | 50 | 47 | 94.0% |
| 2015 | 49 | 42 | 85.7% |
| 2016 | 48 | 40 | 83.3% |
| 2017 | 39 | 36 | 92.3% |
| 2018 | 38 | 34 | 89.5% |
| 2019 | 40 | 25 | 62.5% |
| 2020 | 56 | 46 | 82.1% |
| 2021 | 56 | 44 | 78.6% |
| 2022 | 61 | 58 | 95.1% |
| 2023 | 9 | 7 | 77.8% |
Rejections by office-action stage
| Office-action stage | Actions observed | §101 | §102 | §103 | §112 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Action 1 | 820 | 0.5% | 15.2% | 27.7% | 50.6% |
| Action 2 | 226 | 0.9% | 6.6% | 36.7% | 46.0% |
| Action 3 | 86 | 4.7% | 2.3% | 33.7% | 57.0% |
| Action 4 | 35 | 0.0% | 5.7% | 45.7% | 48.6% |
| Action 5 | 10 | 0.0% | 20.0% | 20.0% | 50.0% |
| Action 6 | 3 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 33.3% | 0.0% |
| Action 7 | 1 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 100.0% | 0.0% |
| Action 8 | 1 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 100.0% | 0.0% |
| Action 9 | 1 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 100.0% |
Section 101 rejections
Last 3 years: 2023-08-28–2026-08-28. All years includes every dated office action in the data.
By year
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
1.7%
2014: Alice
4.3%
0.0%
3.1%
0.0%
1.9%
2019: PEG
0.0%
0.0%
1.1%
1.0%
0.0%
Each bar is the percentage of office actions with a §101 rejection.
PTAB appeals
No PTAB decisions could be matched to this examiner.
Older and transferred applications may not have a reliable examiner match. Data through Aug. 27, 2026.