Examiner Edgaredmanuel Troche

Grant ratio: 42.0% (25th percentile in Art Unit 1744 among examiners with at least 20 applications). Average office actions per grant: 2.58. Most common rejection type: §103.

Recently active Last office action in data: October 2026
Grant ratio 42.0%
Average office actions / grant 2.58
Compared with Art unit Very hard
Compared with Work group Very hard
Compared with Technology center Very hard
Compared with USPTO Very hard

Examiner record

Examiner ID
94616
Primary art unit
1744
Work group
1740
Technology center
1700
Applications
238
Granted applications
100
Examiner phone
(571) 272-9766
Supervisor
Sam Zhao
Supervisor phone
(571) 270-5343

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Peer comparisons

GroupExaminersAverage grant ratioAverage office actions / grant
Art Unit 25 45.6% 2.05
Group 214 47.6% 2.05
Tech Center 1,816 43.3% 2.14
USPTO 16,620 51.8% 1.98

Office actions per application

Average office actions per application 2.39 569 office actions across 238 applications
Applications with office actions 98.7% 235 applications
Office actionsApplicationsShare of applications
No OA observed 3 1.3%
1 OA 63 26.5%
2 OAs 87 36.6%
3 OAs 40 16.8%
4 OAs 25 10.5%
5+ OAs 20 8.4%

Each application is counted once. “5+” includes all higher counts.

Grant history

0.0% 25.0% 50.0% 75.0% 100.0% 2019: 50.0% 2019 2020: 58.8% 2020 2021: 63.0% 2021 2022: 54.3% 2022 2023: 68.0% 2023 2024: 54.8% 2024 2025: 21.4% 2025 2026: 0.0% 2026

Recent ratios may be lower while applications remain pending.

Yearly counts
YearApplicationsGrantsGrant rate
20198450.0%
2020342058.8%
2021271763.0%
2022351954.3%
2023251768.0%
2024311754.8%
202528621.4%
20265000.0%

Rejections by office-action stage

Office-action stageActions observed§101§102§103§112
Action 1 235 0.9% 2.1% 93.2% 0.4%
Action 2 172 0.0% 3.5% 93.6% 0.6%
Action 3 85 0.0% 0.0% 97.6% 1.2%
Action 4 45 2.2% 6.7% 88.9% 0.0%
Action 5 20 5.0% 0.0% 95.0% 0.0%
Action 6 8 0.0% 0.0% 87.5% 0.0%
Action 7 2 0.0% 0.0% 100.0% 0.0%
Action 8 1 0.0% 0.0% 100.0% 0.0%
Action 9 1 0.0% 0.0% 100.0% 0.0%

Section 101 rejections

Last 3 years 0.9% 2 of 220 office actions
All years 0.7% 4 of 569 office actions
Change +0.2 pts Percentage points

Last 3 years: 2023-10-23–2026-10-23. All years includes every dated office action in the data.

By year

2019: PEG
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
2.6%
0.0%
2024: AI examples
1.5%
2025: August memo
1.3%
0.0%

Each bar is the percentage of office actions with a §101 rejection.

PTAB appeals

Matched decisions: 3. Merits outcomes: 3 affirmed, 0 affirmed in part, and 0 reversed.

Full reversal rate
0.0% 0/3 decisions
Full or partial reversal rate
0.0% 0/3 decisions
Median appeal duration
14.4 months
New grounds of rejection
0
Recent decisions
DecisionApplicationOutcomeIssues
Dec. 13, 2023 16/678,914 Affirmed N/A
Nov. 25, 2022 15/679,242 Affirmed N/A
Mar. 31, 2021 15/678,136 Affirmed §103

The examiner match uses the last recorded office action before the decision. Reversal rates exclude rehearings, remands, dismissals, and other decisions that did not reach the merits. Data through Oct. 30, 2026.

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