Examiner Vaishali Shah

Grant ratio: 46.7% (13th percentile in Art Unit 2156 among examiners with at least 20 applications). Average office actions per grant: 3.53. Most common rejection type: §103.

Recently active Last office action in data: August 2026
Grant ratio 46.7%
Average office actions / grant 3.53
Compared with Art unit Very hard
Compared with Work group Very hard
Compared with Technology center Very hard
Compared with USPTO Very hard

Examiner record

Examiner ID
93477
Primary art unit
2156
Work group
2150
Technology center
2100
Applications
257
Granted applications
120
Examiner phone
(571) 272-8532
Supervisor
Ajay Bhatia
Supervisor phone
(571) 272-3906

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Peer comparisons

GroupExaminersAverage grant ratioAverage office actions / grant
Art Unit 22 58.6% 2.62
Group 119 59.3% 2.64
Tech Center 1,781 52.8% 2.19
USPTO 16,475 52.7% 1.98

Office actions per application

Average office actions per application 3.14 807 office actions across 257 applications
Applications with office actions 92.6% 238 applications
Office actionsApplicationsShare of applications
No OA observed 19 7.4%
1 OA 25 9.7%
2 OAs 68 26.5%
3 OAs 43 16.7%
4 OAs 51 19.8%
5+ OAs 51 19.8%

Each application is counted once. “5+” includes all higher counts.

Grant history

0.0% 25.0% 50.0% 75.0% 100.0% 2016: 0.0% 2016 2017: 11.1% 2017 2018: 27.8% 2018 2019: 33.3% 2019 2020: 70.8% 2020 2021: 65.5% 2021 2022: 64.1% 2022 2023: 65.4% 2023 2024: 74.1% 2024 2025: 33.3% 2025 2026: 0.0% 2026

Recent ratios may be lower while applications remain pending.

Yearly counts
YearApplicationsGrantsGrant rate
2016100.0%
201718211.1%
201818527.8%
201921733.3%
2020241770.8%
2021291965.5%
2022392564.1%
2023261765.4%
2024272074.1%
202524833.3%
20263000.0%

Rejections by office-action stage

Office-action stageActions observed§101§102§103§112
Action 1 238 0.4% 0.4% 97.5% 0.8%
Action 2 213 0.0% 0.0% 98.6% 0.9%
Action 3 145 1.4% 0.0% 96.6% 1.4%
Action 4 102 1.0% 1.0% 95.1% 2.9%
Action 5 51 0.0% 0.0% 98.0% 2.0%
Action 6 32 0.0% 0.0% 96.9% 3.1%
Action 7 13 0.0% 0.0% 92.3% 7.7%
Action 8 8 0.0% 0.0% 100.0% 0.0%
Action 9 4 0.0% 0.0% 100.0% 0.0%
Action 10 1 0.0% 0.0% 100.0% 0.0%

Section 101 rejections

Last 3 years 0.4% 1 of 233 office actions
All years 0.5% 4 of 807 office actions
Change -0.1 pts Percentage points

Last 3 years: 2023-08-28–2026-08-28. All years includes every dated office action in the data.

By year

0.0%
0.0%
2.7%
2019: PEG
0.0%
1.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
2024: AI examples
0.0%
2025: August memo
1.5%
0.0%

Each bar is the percentage of office actions with a §101 rejection.

PTAB appeals

Matched decisions: 8. Merits outcomes: 5 affirmed, 1 affirmed in part, and 2 reversed.

Full reversal rate
25.0% 2/8 decisions
Full or partial reversal rate
37.5% 3/8 decisions
Median appeal duration
10.5 months
New grounds of rejection
0
Recent decisions
DecisionApplicationOutcomeIssues
Jul. 23, 2026 18/216,893 Affirmed §102 · §103
Nov. 29, 2024 17/144,110 Affirmed in part §103
May. 30, 2023 15/984,687 Affirmed §103
Jan. 25, 2023 15/394,308 Reversed §101 · §103
Nov. 26, 2021 15/336,063 Reversed §103
Nov. 26, 2021 14/981,052 Affirmed §103 · §112
Jun. 25, 2019 14/588,563 Affirmed §101 · §103 · §112
Jun. 25, 2019 14/588,547 Affirmed §101 · §103

The examiner match uses the last recorded office action before the decision. Reversal rates exclude rehearings, remands, dismissals, and other decisions that did not reach the merits. Data through Aug. 27, 2026.

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