Examiner Danielle M Christensen

Grant ratio: 74.9% (70th percentile in Art Unit 3745 among examiners with at least 20 applications). Average office actions per grant: 1.82. Most common rejection type: §103.

Recently active Last office action in data: August 2026
Grant ratio 74.9%
Average office actions / grant 1.82
Compared with Art unit About average
Compared with Work group Very easy
Compared with Technology center Very easy
Compared with USPTO Very easy

Examiner record

Examiner ID
90188
Primary art unit
3745
Work group
3740
Technology center
3700
Applications
653
Granted applications
489
Examiner phone
(571) 270-3275
Supervisor
Courtney Heinle
Supervisor phone
(571) 270-3508

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Peer comparisons

GroupExaminersAverage grant ratioAverage office actions / grant
Art Unit 95 67.5% 1.62
Group 444 57.6% 1.86
Tech Center 2,671 48.4% 2.01
USPTO 16,475 52.7% 1.98

Office actions per application

Average office actions per application 1.84 1,201 office actions across 653 applications
Applications with office actions 99.1% 647 applications
Office actionsApplicationsShare of applications
No OA observed 6 0.9%
1 OA 299 45.8%
2 OAs 242 37.1%
3 OAs 40 6.1%
4 OAs 45 6.9%
5+ OAs 21 3.2%

Each application is counted once. “5+” includes all higher counts.

Grant history

0.0% 25.0% 50.0% 75.0% 100.0% 2013: 58.8% 2013 2014: 73.0% 2014 2015: 76.6% 2015 2016: 58.5% 2016 2017: 75.0% 2017 2018: 77.6% 2018 2019: 67.3% 2019 2020: 84.2% 2020 2021: 95.1% 2021 2022: 91.4% 2022 2023: 94.1% 2023 2024: 90.2% 2024 2025: 59.4% 2025 2026: 0.0% 2026

Recent ratios may be lower while applications remain pending.

Yearly counts
YearApplicationsGrantsGrant rate
2013171058.8%
2014634673.0%
2015473676.6%
2016533158.5%
2017564275.0%
2018584577.6%
2019553767.3%
2020574884.2%
2021615895.1%
2022353291.4%
2023514894.1%
2024413790.2%
2025321959.4%
20262700.0%

Rejections by office-action stage

Office-action stageActions observed§101§102§103§112
Action 1 647 0.6% 10.5% 64.8% 19.9%
Action 2 348 0.6% 8.3% 73.0% 15.5%
Action 3 106 0.0% 3.8% 84.9% 11.3%
Action 4 66 0.0% 4.5% 80.3% 15.2%
Action 5 21 0.0% 0.0% 85.7% 14.3%
Action 6 9 0.0% 0.0% 88.9% 0.0%
Action 7 3 0.0% 0.0% 100.0% 0.0%
Action 8 1 0.0% 0.0% 100.0% 0.0%

Section 101 rejections

Last 3 years 0.0% 0 of 160 office actions
All years 0.5% 6 of 1,201 office actions
Change -0.5 pts Percentage points

Last 3 years: 2023-08-28–2026-08-28. All years includes every dated office action in the data.

By year

0.0%
2014: Alice
0.0%
2.5%
2.4%
0.0%
0.0%
2019: PEG
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
1.3%
2024: AI examples
0.0%
2025: August memo
0.0%
0.0%

Each bar is the percentage of office actions with a §101 rejection.

PTAB appeals

Matched decisions: 16. Merits outcomes: 11 affirmed, 3 affirmed in part, and 2 reversed.

Full reversal rate
12.5% 2/16 decisions
Full or partial reversal rate
31.3% 5/16 decisions
Median appeal duration
10.8 months
New grounds of rejection
0
Recent decisions
DecisionApplicationOutcomeIssues
May. 20, 2021 14/779,841 Affirmed §103
Feb. 2, 2021 15/022,631 Affirmed §103 · §112
Dec. 14, 2020 15/022,622 Affirmed in part §103
Nov. 30, 2020 15/290,478 Affirmed §103 · §112
Jan. 14, 2020 14/774,899 Affirmed §103
Dec. 11, 2019 13/527,036 Affirmed §103
Sep. 12, 2019 15/022,356 Affirmed §103
May. 23, 2019 15/007,775 Affirmed in part §103
Mar. 26, 2019 13/544,184 Affirmed §103
Mar. 18, 2019 14/593,842 Affirmed §103
Jul. 24, 2018 14/101,956 Affirmed in part N/A
Apr. 19, 2018 13/711,241 Affirmed §103

The examiner match uses the last recorded office action before the decision. Reversal rates exclude rehearings, remands, dismissals, and other decisions that did not reach the merits. Data through Aug. 27, 2026.

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