Examiner Dino Kujundzic

Grant ratio: 67.6% (85th percentile in Art Unit 2179 among examiners with at least 20 applications). Average office actions per grant: 2.33. Most common rejection type: §103.

Recently active Last office action in data: August 2026
Grant ratio 67.6%
Average office actions / grant 2.33
Compared with Art unit Very easy
Compared with Work group Very easy
Compared with Technology center About average
Compared with USPTO About average

Examiner record

Examiner ID
87084
Primary art unit
2179
Work group
2170
Technology center
2100
Applications
547
Granted applications
370
Examiner phone
(571) 270-5188
Supervisor
Kieu Vu
Supervisor phone
(571) 272-3675

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Peer comparisons

GroupExaminersAverage grant ratioAverage office actions / grant
Art Unit 25 48.0% 3.02
Group 190 48.6% 2.73
Tech Center 1,781 52.8% 2.19
USPTO 16,475 52.7% 1.98

Office actions per application

Average office actions per application 2.33 1,273 office actions across 547 applications
Applications with office actions 95.8% 524 applications
Office actionsApplicationsShare of applications
No OA observed 23 4.2%
1 OA 218 39.9%
2 OAs 120 21.9%
3 OAs 62 11.3%
4 OAs 68 12.4%
5+ OAs 56 10.2%

Each application is counted once. “5+” includes all higher counts.

Grant history

0.0% 25.0% 50.0% 75.0% 100.0% 2010: 40.0% 2010 2011: 46.7% 2011 2012: 44.0% 2012 2013: 48.4% 2013 2014: 69.8% 2014 2015: 69.2% 2015 2016: 64.7% 2016 2017: 65.8% 2017 2018: 78.4% 2018 2019: 72.2% 2019 2020: 86.1% 2020 2021: 80.8% 2021 2022: 94.1% 2022 2023: 86.1% 2023 2024: 92.9% 2024 2025: 51.3% 2025 2026: 0.0% 2026

Recent ratios may be lower while applications remain pending.

Yearly counts
YearApplicationsGrantsGrant rate
201010440.0%
201115746.7%
2012251144.0%
2013311548.4%
2014433069.8%
2015392769.2%
2016342264.7%
2017382565.8%
2018372978.4%
2019362672.2%
2020363186.1%
2021262180.8%
2022343294.1%
2023363186.1%
2024423992.9%
2025392051.3%
20262600.0%

Rejections by office-action stage

Office-action stageActions observed§101§102§103§112
Action 1 524 5.3% 6.5% 82.1% 3.4%
Action 2 306 1.0% 5.6% 88.2% 2.9%
Action 3 186 1.1% 4.8% 88.7% 3.8%
Action 4 124 0.8% 4.0% 90.3% 3.2%
Action 5 56 0.0% 3.6% 92.9% 3.6%
Action 6 35 2.9% 2.9% 91.4% 0.0%
Action 7 16 0.0% 6.3% 87.5% 0.0%
Action 8 11 0.0% 0.0% 90.9% 9.1%
Action 9 7 0.0% 0.0% 100.0% 0.0%
Action 10 4 0.0% 0.0% 100.0% 0.0%

Section 101 rejections

Last 3 years 13.7% 22 of 161 office actions
All years 2.7% 35 of 1,273 office actions
Change +10.9 pts Percentage points

Last 3 years: 2023-08-28–2026-08-28. All years includes every dated office action in the data.

By year

0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
2014: Alice
2.6%
0.0%
0.0%
1.1%
2.9%
2019: PEG
0.0%
3.8%
0.0%
3.1%
3.3%
2024: AI examples
17.2%
2025: August memo
10.9%
20.0%

Each bar is the percentage of office actions with a §101 rejection.

PTAB appeals

Matched decisions: 6. Merits outcomes: 4 affirmed, 1 affirmed in part, and 1 reversed.

Full reversal rate
16.7% 1/6 decisions
Full or partial reversal rate
33.3% 2/6 decisions
Median appeal duration
29.7 months
New grounds of rejection
0
Recent decisions
DecisionApplicationOutcomeIssues
Oct. 31, 2022 15/226,054 Affirmed §103 · §112
Feb. 5, 2021 14/504,415 Affirmed §103 · §112
Dec. 8, 2015 12/063,119 Affirmed N/A
Aug. 12, 2015 12/348,174 Affirmed N/A
Jul. 14, 2015 12/346,344 Reversed N/A
Jun. 18, 2014 11/243,424 Affirmed in part N/A

The examiner match uses the last recorded office action before the decision. Reversal rates exclude rehearings, remands, dismissals, and other decisions that did not reach the merits. Data through Aug. 27, 2026.

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