Examiner Saifeldin Elnafia

Grant ratio: 51.8% (46th percentile in Art Unit 2625 among examiners with at least 20 applications). Average office actions per grant: 2.79. Most common rejection type: §103.

Recently active Last office action in data: August 2026
Grant ratio 51.8%
Average office actions / grant 2.79
Compared with Art unit Very hard
Compared with Work group Very hard
Compared with Technology center Very hard
Compared with USPTO Very hard

Examiner record

Examiner ID
85911
Primary art unit
2625
Work group
2620
Technology center
2600
Applications
461
Granted applications
239
Examiner phone
(571) 270-5852
Supervisor
William Boddie
Supervisor phone
(571) 272-0666

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Peer comparisons

GroupExaminersAverage grant ratioAverage office actions / grant
Art Unit 35 54.7% 2.08
Group 279 55.5% 2.00
Tech Center 1,754 57.4% 1.88
USPTO 16,475 52.7% 1.98

Office actions per application

Average office actions per application 2.88 1,329 office actions across 461 applications
Applications with office actions 97.6% 450 applications
Office actionsApplicationsShare of applications
No OA observed 11 2.4%
1 OA 122 26.5%
2 OAs 122 26.5%
3 OAs 57 12.4%
4 OAs 70 15.2%
5+ OAs 79 17.1%

Each application is counted once. “5+” includes all higher counts.

Grant history

0.0% 25.0% 50.0% 75.0% 100.0% 2008: 0.0% 2008 2009: 53.3% 2009 2010: 69.6% 2010 2011: 57.1% 2011 2012: 29.4% 2012 2013: 48.0% 2013 2014: 42.3% 2014 2015: 48.3% 2015 2016: 66.7% 2016 2017: 36.4% 2017 2018: 51.9% 2018 2019: 54.3% 2019 2020: 52.4% 2020 2021: 60.0% 2021 2022: 62.5% 2022 2023: 82.4% 2023 2024: 64.0% 2024 2025: 52.0% 2025 2026: 0.0% 2026

Recent ratios may be lower while applications remain pending.

Yearly counts
YearApplicationsGrantsGrant rate
2008100.0%
2009301653.3%
2010231669.6%
2011281657.1%
201217529.4%
2013251248.0%
2014261142.3%
2015291448.3%
2016241666.7%
201722836.4%
2018271451.9%
2019351954.3%
2020211152.4%
202115960.0%
2022241562.5%
2023342882.4%
2024251664.0%
2025251352.0%
20263000.0%

Rejections by office-action stage

Office-action stageActions observed§101§102§103§112
Action 1 450 0.4% 14.0% 81.6% 0.4%
Action 2 328 0.3% 8.2% 89.3% 0.3%
Action 3 206 0.0% 2.4% 97.1% 0.5%
Action 4 149 0.0% 3.4% 94.0% 0.7%
Action 5 79 0.0% 0.0% 97.5% 0.0%
Action 6 47 0.0% 0.0% 100.0% 0.0%
Action 7 29 0.0% 0.0% 100.0% 0.0%
Action 8 19 0.0% 5.3% 94.7% 0.0%
Action 9 10 0.0% 0.0% 100.0% 0.0%
Action 10 6 0.0% 0.0% 100.0% 0.0%

Section 101 rejections

Last 3 years 0.0% 0 of 193 office actions
All years 0.2% 3 of 1,329 office actions
Change -0.2 pts Percentage points

Last 3 years: 2023-08-28–2026-08-28. All years includes every dated office action in the data.

By year

0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
2014: Alice
0.0%
1.4%
1.2%
0.0%
0.0%
2019: PEG
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
1.4%
2024: AI examples
0.0%
2025: August memo
0.0%
0.0%

Each bar is the percentage of office actions with a §101 rejection.

PTAB appeals

Matched decisions: 17. Merits outcomes: 3 affirmed, 3 affirmed in part, and 11 reversed.

Full reversal rate
64.7% 11/17 decisions
Full or partial reversal rate
82.4% 14/17 decisions
Median appeal duration
15.8 months
New grounds of rejection
1
Recent decisions
DecisionApplicationOutcomeIssues
Apr. 27, 2026 18/412,363 Reversed N/A
Jan. 21, 2022 15/676,954 Reversed §103
Dec. 24, 2021 15/189,897 Reversed §102 · §103
Nov. 17, 2021 14/290,850 Reversed §103
Aug. 2, 2021 14/559,425 Affirmed §103 · §112
Jul. 28, 2021 15/285,995 Reversed §102 · §103
Oct. 19, 2020 14/090,258 Reversed §103 · §112
Jul. 23, 2020 14/479,412 Affirmed in part New ground of rejection §102 · §103 · §112
Oct. 7, 2019 14/290,972 Affirmed in part §103 · §112
Feb. 27, 2019 14/523,956 Reversed §103
Jun. 7, 2018 12/577,493 Reversed §103
Mar. 9, 2018 12/694,210 Reversed §103

The examiner match uses the last recorded office action before the decision. Reversal rates exclude rehearings, remands, dismissals, and other decisions that did not reach the merits. Data through Aug. 27, 2026.

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