Examiner K. Kiyabu

Grant ratio: 51.5% (16th percentile in Art Unit 2626 among examiners with at least 20 applications). Average office actions per grant: 2.66. Most common rejection type: §103.

Recently active Last office action in data: August 2026
Grant ratio 51.5%
Average office actions / grant 2.66
Compared with Art unit Very hard
Compared with Work group Very hard
Compared with Technology center Very hard
Compared with USPTO Very hard

Examiner record

Examiner ID
87658
Primary art unit
2626
Work group
2620
Technology center
2600
Applications
406
Granted applications
209
Examiner phone
(571) 270-7836

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Peer comparisons

GroupExaminersAverage grant ratioAverage office actions / grant
Art Unit 26 59.6% 2.20
Group 279 55.5% 2.00
Tech Center 1,754 57.4% 1.88
USPTO 16,475 52.7% 1.98

Office actions per application

Average office actions per application 2.78 1,129 office actions across 406 applications
Applications with office actions 100.0% 406 applications
Office actionsApplicationsShare of applications
No OA observed 0 0.0%
1 OA 110 27.1%
2 OAs 117 28.8%
3 OAs 59 14.5%
4 OAs 66 16.3%
5+ OAs 54 13.3%

Each application is counted once. “5+” includes all higher counts.

Grant history

0.0% 25.0% 50.0% 75.0% 100.0% 2011: 16.7% 2011 2012: 59.1% 2012 2013: 45.0% 2013 2014: 48.0% 2014 2015: 48.0% 2015 2016: 58.8% 2016 2017: 55.6% 2017 2018: 65.2% 2018 2019: 64.0% 2019 2020: 53.6% 2020 2021: 45.8% 2021 2022: 57.6% 2022 2023: 63.0% 2023 2024: 72.2% 2024 2025: 50.0% 2025 2026: 0.0% 2026

Recent ratios may be lower while applications remain pending.

Yearly counts
YearApplicationsGrantsGrant rate
201112216.7%
2012221359.1%
201320945.0%
2014251248.0%
2015251248.0%
2016342058.8%
2017181055.6%
2018231565.2%
2019251664.0%
2020281553.6%
2021241145.8%
2022331957.6%
2023271763.0%
2024362672.2%
2025241250.0%
20263000.0%

Rejections by office-action stage

Office-action stageActions observed§101§102§103§112
Action 1 406 0.2% 2.7% 91.6% 1.5%
Action 2 296 0.3% 0.3% 95.6% 0.7%
Action 3 179 0.0% 0.0% 96.1% 0.6%
Action 4 120 0.0% 0.0% 99.2% 0.0%
Action 5 54 0.0% 1.9% 96.3% 0.0%
Action 6 36 0.0% 0.0% 97.2% 0.0%
Action 7 15 0.0% 0.0% 93.3% 0.0%
Action 8 9 0.0% 0.0% 100.0% 0.0%
Action 9 5 0.0% 0.0% 100.0% 0.0%
Action 10 3 0.0% 0.0% 100.0% 0.0%

Section 101 rejections

Last 3 years 0.5% 1 of 200 office actions
All years 0.2% 2 of 1,129 office actions
Change +0.3 pts Percentage points

Last 3 years: 2023-08-28–2026-08-28. All years includes every dated office action in the data.

By year

0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
2014: Alice
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
1.3%
0.0%
2019: PEG
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
2024: AI examples
1.2%
2025: August memo
0.0%
0.0%

Each bar is the percentage of office actions with a §101 rejection.

PTAB appeals

Matched decisions: 10. Merits outcomes: 8 affirmed, 0 affirmed in part, and 2 reversed.

Full reversal rate
20.0% 2/10 decisions
Full or partial reversal rate
20.0% 2/10 decisions
Median appeal duration
16.0 months
New grounds of rejection
0
Recent decisions
DecisionApplicationOutcomeIssues
Apr. 16, 2026 18/263,693 Affirmed §103
Sep. 27, 2022 15/540,423 Affirmed §103 · §112
Mar. 28, 2022 14/609,103 Affirmed §103
Nov. 19, 2018 13/828,234 Affirmed N/A
Jan. 10, 2018 14/094,638 Affirmed §103 · §112
Mar. 16, 2017 13/625,190 Affirmed §103
Dec. 15, 2015 12/605,705 Affirmed §103
Oct. 23, 2015 12/750,321 Reversed N/A
Oct. 19, 2015 12/481,955 Affirmed N/A
May. 11, 2015 12/052,469 Reversed N/A

The examiner match uses the last recorded office action before the decision. Reversal rates exclude rehearings, remands, dismissals, and other decisions that did not reach the merits. Data through Aug. 27, 2026.

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