Examiner Daniel Miller

Grant ratio: 74.6% (29th percentile in Art Unit 2866 among examiners with at least 20 applications). Average office actions per grant: 1.47. Most common rejection type: §103.

Recently active Last office action in data: October 2026
Grant ratio 74.6%
Average office actions / grant 1.47
Compared with Art unit About average
Compared with Work group Very easy
Compared with Technology center Very easy
Compared with USPTO Very easy

Examiner record

Examiner ID
87522
Primary art unit
2866
Work group
2860
Technology center
2800
Applications
853
Granted applications
636
Examiner phone
(571) 270-1964
Supervisor
Lisa Caputo
Supervisor phone
(571) 272-2388

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Peer comparisons

GroupExaminersAverage grant ratioAverage office actions / grant
Art Unit 14 82.3% 1.52
Group 130 67.0% 1.82
Tech Center 2,428 61.6% 1.69
USPTO 16,572 52.1% 1.98

Office actions per application

Average office actions per application 1.50 1,282 office actions across 853 applications
Applications with office actions 99.4% 848 applications
Office actionsApplicationsShare of applications
No OA observed 5 0.6%
1 OA 541 63.4%
2 OAs 231 27.1%
3 OAs 46 5.4%
4 OAs 23 2.7%
5+ OAs 7 0.8%

Each application is counted once. “5+” includes all higher counts.

Grant history

0.0% 25.0% 50.0% 75.0% 100.0% 2011: 64.7% 2011 2012: 61.7% 2012 2013: 70.1% 2013 2014: 81.6% 2014 2015: 84.1% 2015 2016: 87.3% 2016 2017: 76.9% 2017 2018: 85.4% 2018 2019: 94.8% 2019 2020: 84.5% 2020 2021: 90.6% 2021 2022: 90.5% 2022 2023: 89.1% 2023 2024: 83.0% 2024 2025: 50.0% 2025 2026: 0.0% 2026

Recent ratios may be lower while applications remain pending.

Yearly counts
YearApplicationsGrantsGrant rate
2011342264.7%
2012472961.7%
2013674770.1%
2014494081.6%
2015635384.1%
2016635587.3%
2017524076.9%
2018484185.4%
2019585594.8%
2020584984.5%
2021534890.6%
2022423890.5%
2023464189.1%
2024534483.0%
2025683450.0%
20265200.0%

Rejections by office-action stage

Office-action stageActions observed§101§102§103§112
Action 1 848 1.4% 5.7% 79.2% 13.0%
Action 2 307 1.0% 3.9% 85.3% 9.1%
Action 3 76 2.6% 1.3% 89.5% 6.6%
Action 4 30 3.3% 3.3% 86.7% 6.7%
Action 5 7 0.0% 0.0% 100.0% 0.0%
Action 6 6 0.0% 0.0% 100.0% 0.0%
Action 7 4 0.0% 0.0% 100.0% 0.0%
Action 8 3 0.0% 0.0% 66.7% 0.0%
Action 9 1 0.0% 0.0% 100.0% 0.0%

Section 101 rejections

Last 3 years 3.8% 10 of 266 office actions
All years 1.4% 18 of 1,282 office actions
Change +2.4 pts Percentage points

Last 3 years: 2023-10-02–2026-10-02. All years includes every dated office action in the data.

By year

0.0%
0.0%
2.0%
0.0%
2014: Alice
2.7%
0.0%
1.0%
2.9%
0.0%
2019: PEG
1.3%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
2024: AI examples
2.2%
2025: August memo
7.1%
1.6%

Each bar is the percentage of office actions with a §101 rejection.

PTAB appeals

Matched decisions: 8. Merits outcomes: 5 affirmed, 1 affirmed in part, and 2 reversed.

Full reversal rate
25.0% 2/8 decisions
Full or partial reversal rate
37.5% 3/8 decisions
Median appeal duration
19.6 months
New grounds of rejection
0
Recent decisions
DecisionApplicationOutcomeIssues
Apr. 25, 2024 16/523,720 Affirmed in part §103
Aug. 30, 2022 16/859,444 Affirmed §103
Jan. 31, 2020 15/003,932 Affirmed §102
Nov. 20, 2017 13/232,124 Affirmed §103
Sep. 13, 2017 13/483,746 Affirmed §103
Apr. 30, 2015 12/213,060 Reversed §103
Nov. 13, 2014 12/352,894 Affirmed N/A
May. 16, 2014 11/799,271 Reversed §103

The examiner match uses the last recorded office action before the decision. Reversal rates exclude rehearings, remands, dismissals, and other decisions that did not reach the merits. Data through Oct. 9, 2026.

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