Examiner Harry Liu
Grant ratio: 88.1% (93rd percentile in Art Unit 3648 among examiners with at least 20 applications). Average office actions per grant: 1.24. Most common rejection type: §103.
Potentially inactive
Last office action in data: May 2026
Examiner record
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| Group | Examiners | Average grant ratio | Average office actions / grant |
|---|---|---|---|
| Art Unit | 49 | 51.9% | 1.69 |
| Group | 281 | 52.9% | 1.75 |
| Tech Center | 2,381 | 46.2% | 2.12 |
| USPTO | 16,475 | 52.7% | 1.98 |
Office actions per application
| Office actions | Applications | Share of applications |
|---|---|---|
| No OA observed | 0 | 0.0% |
| 1 OA | 1,089 | 81.9% |
| 2 OAs | 188 | 14.1% |
| 3 OAs | 42 | 3.2% |
| 4 OAs | 8 | 0.6% |
| 5+ OAs | 2 | 0.2% |
Each application is counted once. “5+” includes all higher counts.
Grant history
Recent ratios may be lower while applications remain pending.
Yearly counts
| Year | Applications | Grants | Grant rate |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2008 | 83 | 67 | 80.7% |
| 2009 | 54 | 50 | 92.6% |
| 2010 | 57 | 56 | 98.2% |
| 2011 | 74 | 66 | 89.2% |
| 2012 | 76 | 70 | 92.1% |
| 2013 | 72 | 68 | 94.4% |
| 2014 | 67 | 63 | 94.0% |
| 2015 | 85 | 71 | 83.5% |
| 2016 | 77 | 70 | 90.9% |
| 2017 | 84 | 73 | 86.9% |
| 2018 | 76 | 65 | 85.5% |
| 2019 | 59 | 55 | 93.2% |
| 2020 | 79 | 73 | 92.4% |
| 2021 | 79 | 74 | 93.7% |
| 2022 | 79 | 76 | 96.2% |
| 2023 | 80 | 79 | 98.8% |
| 2024 | 61 | 56 | 91.8% |
| 2025 | 62 | 38 | 61.3% |
| 2026 | 24 | 0 | 0.0% |
Rejections by office-action stage
| Office-action stage | Actions observed | §101 | §102 | §103 | §112 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Action 1 | 1,329 | 1.0% | 22.8% | 50.0% | 19.5% |
| Action 2 | 240 | 2.5% | 13.3% | 68.8% | 5.8% |
| Action 3 | 52 | 1.9% | 13.5% | 75.0% | 3.8% |
| Action 4 | 10 | 0.0% | 20.0% | 60.0% | 10.0% |
| Action 5 | 2 | 0.0% | 50.0% | 50.0% | 0.0% |
| Action 6 | 1 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 100.0% | 0.0% |
| Action 7 | 1 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 100.0% | 0.0% |
| Action 8 | 1 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 100.0% | 0.0% |
| Action 9 | 1 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 100.0% | 0.0% |
| Action 10 | 1 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 100.0% | 0.0% |
Section 101 rejections
Last 3 years: 2023-08-28–2026-08-28. All years includes every dated office action in the data.
By year
0.0%
1.5%
0.0%
4.3%
3.4%
1.1%
2014: Alice
0.0%
2.0%
0.0%
0.0%
1.2%
2019: PEG
0.0%
1.2%
2.4%
0.0%
0.0%
2024: AI examples
0.0%
2025: August memo
2.8%
3.8%
Each bar is the percentage of office actions with a §101 rejection.
PTAB appeals
No PTAB decisions could be matched to this examiner.
Older and transferred applications may not have a reliable examiner match. Data through Aug. 27, 2026.